Adding a filter sounds like it would have multiple uses, not just a surname inheritance chart. You might add a primogeniture filter. Or a lines of descent for cousins to common ancestor.
There have been other threads where a Report was forked (as an addon) and a filtering option was added. That would probably be a way ‘forward’ here.
However, you would do well to explore the FamilyTreeView addon by @ztlxltl. It allows such filtering to be applied to who will be shown in a chart. So all that would be necessary is designing the filter.